Usoro ọgwụgwọ mgbochi ebu osisi

Amụma bụ nke teknuzu ubi mgbochi ebu osisi, na kpọmkwem metụtara a usoro mgbochi ebu nke osisi, mgbochi ebu osisi na ngwa ya.Usoro mgbochi mildew maka osisi nyere site na ngwọta a na-agụnye usoro ndị a: ime ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị ala na osisi iji nweta osisi na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ;okpomọkụ nke ọgwụgwọ dị ala bụ -30-70 ° C;na-eme ọgwụgwọ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'elu osisi na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ iji nweta ọgwụgwọ nke abụọ Osisi;okirikiri ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị ala na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ na-ajụkarị ma ọ dịkarịa ala ugboro abụọ iji nweta osisi mildew-proof;okirikiri ahụ na-amalite site na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị ala.Ihe mepụtara na-ebibi mgbidi cell na akpụkpọ ahụ nke osisi site na ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị ala, nke mere na ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ na sel na-agbapụta;site n'ọtụtụ ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ na-ekpo ọkụ na obere okpomọkụ, a na-ewepụ isi ihe na-edozi ahụ nke chọrọ maka uto nje bacteria, na-eme ka ikike mgbochi nke osisi dịkwuo mma.Usoro mgbochi mildew maka osisi nyere site na atụmatụ a na-ejigide agba na nhazi nke log n'onwe ya ma nwee ezigbo nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi.

Okwu mmeghe nke osisi mildew:

Osisi ọhụrụ a na-egbute dị mfe ịkpụzi ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị ihe nchebe kwesịrị ekwesị na-eme n'oge njem na nchekwa, nhazi na ojiji, nke ọ bụghị nanị na-emetụta ọdịdị ọdịdị ahụ ma na-ebelata uru akụ na ụba, ma na-emepụta ọnọdụ maka mbuso agha nke fungi ndị ọzọ.Ndị fungi dị na microorganisms na-ebutekarị ihe ndị dị n'elu osisi ma na-enwe mmetụta dị nta na ịdị arọ na ike nke osisi.Akpụkpọ anụ na-apụtakarị n'elu osisi yana fungi ndị ọzọ, nke na-eme ka o sie ike ikewapụta ebu site na ire ere na fungi na-agbanwe agbanwe.Ma n'ihi na ero égbè eluigwe na-amụpụta ngwa ngwa, ọ na-egbochikarị uto nke fungi ndị ọzọ.Eluigwe ero wakporo osisi tumadi site na-amịkọrọ sugar na starch na osisi dị ka nri isi iyi, na-enweghị ibibi cell mgbidi na-enweghị mmetụta na osisi ike, ma ọ nwere ike dịkwuo permeability nke osisi.Ebu nwere ike ime ka osisi na-etolite ntụpọ nke agba dị iche iche, na-etolitekwa isi awọ, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ọbara ọbara-edo edo, acha anụnụ anụnụ-acha akwụkwọ ndụ na ihe ndị ọzọ na-enweghị isi n'elu osisi.Ihe mere fungi ndị a nwere ike ịkpata ntụpọ bụ na spores ma ọ bụ hyphae ndị nwere pigmenti na-agbakọta n'elu osisi, ma ọ bụ na-emetọ osisi ahụ site na ngwaahịa nke metabolism.Ebe ndị a na-acha odo odo, ọbara ọbara, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na agba aja aja na-adịkarị n'elu osisi., na-emekarị nwere ike wepụ ya na ịcha ọcha, waya brush ma ọ bụ na-agwụ mgbe ihicha, ma ihe ebu na-etolite ruo ogologo oge, ntụpọ ahụ ga-abanye n'ime eriri osisi, na-eme ka mmebi nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke osisi ahụ na ibelata ike nke osisi. .

A na-ebute mildew osisi site na fungi microscopic, nke na-emebi osisi na osisi, na n'ọnọdụ siri ike na-akpata nnukwu mfu akụ na ụba.Ụkpụrụ dị mma nke plywood, veneer, arịa ụlọ na ihe ịchọ mma osisi na obodo m nwere mgbochi na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na mildew, na ngwaahịa mbupụ chọrọ Stricter, a naghị anabata mildew.Mba ọzọ na-elebara anya na mgbochi-blueing na mgbochi mildew.Obodo m na-etinyekwa uche karị na ọgwụgwọ mgbochi-blueing na mgbochi mildew nke osisi rọba, achara na ụfọdụ ngwaahịa mbupụ..Site na mmejuputa oru ngo nchedo oke ohia, mmepe na itinye n'ọrụ nke osisi osisi na achara, na mgbanwe nke ahia osisi kpatara site na isonye na WTO, osisi mgbochi-acha anụnụ anụnụ na mgbochi mildew ga-adị mkpa karị.Mbipụta na mmejuputa iwu nke mba CBT18621-2013 "Ule ule maka njikwa njikwa nke ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na-ahụ maka osisi na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-akpali akpali maka nyocha ọzọ na mmepe nke ihe ọhụrụ antifungal maka ụmụ mmadụ.Dị nnọọ anya ọtụtụ spore ụyọkọ, na-oji, nwekwara ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ: bụrụ oji speckle n'elu osisi sara mbara.Ọtụtụ ebu na-eto nke ukwuu mgbe iru mmiri dị n'ikuku karịrị 90%.

Ụfọdụ ebu nwere ike ime n'elu osisi nwere mmiri ọdịnaya nke 20%, ya mere osisi na-akpụ akpụ na-eguzogide ọnọdụ ọjọọ karịa osisi ire ere fungi.Nguzogide ọgwụ nke ebu dịkwa elu karịa nke fungi na-emebi emebi.Dị ka ihe atụ, preservative-emeso pine (Pinus spp.) nwere ike igbochi na ịchịkwa ọtụtụ osisi-rotting fungi, ma ọ bụghị nanị na-apụghị igbochi uto nke ọtụtụ ebu, ma pụrụ ọbụna ịkpali uto nke ebu.Ọtụtụ ebu na-eguzogidekwa okpomọkụ dị elu.Nsogbu nke ebu ka microstructure nke agịga na sara mbara-leaved pine osisi yiri discoloration ero.N'okpuru ọnọdụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ọ nwekwara ike ime ka osisi dị nro ire ere dị ka ero na-agbanwe agbanwe.Ụfọdụ ebu nwere ntakịrị mmebi na mgbidi cell osisi.Mold na discoloration ero na-ebutekarị polysaccharides na mkpụrụ ndụ osisi, na hyphae na-apụtakarị n'ọtụtụ sel parenchyma ray.Ntinye nke hyphae bụ tumadi site na oghere eriri.

Ihe na-egbochi ịkpụ osisi:

A na-akpọkarị ndị na-ahụ maka njikwa nke ịkpụzi osisi na ngbanwe agba dị ka ndị na-egbochi ịkpụ osisi.Halogenated phenols na sodium salts ha (dị ka pentachlorophenol na sodium pentachlorophenate bụ ọgwụ fungicides a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime iri afọ ole na ole gara aga. Ebe ọ bụ na a chọtara carcinogens na pentachlorophenol, ọtụtụ mba (mpaghara) amachibidola kpamkpam ma ọ bụ kpachie iji halophenol antifungal agents maka osisi. na kọntaktị na ahụ mmadụ, ma tinye onwe anyị na nyocha na mmepe nke ndị na-egbu egbu na-egbu egbu, organic iodine (IPBC), chlorothalonil (chlorothalonil), quaternary ammonium salts (DDAC, BAC), triazoles, Quinoline (CU-8). , naphthenate (ọla kọpa naphthenate) mgbochi mildew na ule ntụpọ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-egosi na a na-enwekarị ohere dị ukwuu n'etiti nsonaazụ nke ule toxicity nke ime ụlọ na ngwa ndị bara uru, na a ghaghị ime nyocha ubi iji nyochaa osisi mgbochi fungal agents E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị. nke ebu, na nguzogide ọgwụ na-agbanwe nke ukwuu; ọgwụ mgbochi nke ebu na-esikarị ike karịa nke nje bacteria discoloration; ntinye nke ọgwụ mmiri mmiri maka mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ nke ntụpọ anụnụ anụnụ na ọkpụkpụ nke ụdị osisi dị iche iche na mpaghara dị iche iche nwere ike ọ gaghị abụ kpọmkwem. otu ihe.Iji gbasaa ọrụ dị iche iche nke ndị na-egbochi ọrịa fungal Mmekọahụ, meziwanye mmetụta bactericidal, nyochakwara ma mepụta ọtụtụ ihe na-eme ka osisi antifungal na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ na mba ọzọ.

Okwu mmalite nke ụzọ dị iche iche nke mgbochi mildew osisi:

Dị ka okwu mmeghe nke David si gzzxsc, onye na-emepụta osisi na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta osisi, a na-agwọkwa usoro ọgwụgwọ osisi site na ihicha, sulfur fumigation, spraying antifungal agents, onye na-agwọ ọrịa na-ejikọta ya na mmiri, na onye na-agwọ ọrịa na-ejikọta ya na mmiri.Osisi nwere ihe mgbochi mildew iji zere mbuze nke osisi site na ebu.Ụlọ ọrụ nhazi osisi ọ bụla, ụlọ ọrụ arịa ụlọ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ aka nwere ike ịhọrọ ụzọ ọgwụgwọ mgbochi mildew dị iche iche dịka ọnọdụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ si dị.

1. Ụzọ ịkpọ nkụ iji gbochie ịkpụ osisi:

Osisi akpọnwụwo, a na-ejikwa ngwá ọrụ pụrụ iche na-ekpo ọkụ na-agwọ osisi.Ụlọ ihe eji eme ihe eji eme ihe (kiln) ihicha na-ezo aka iji ụlọ ihicha osisi (kilns) iji kpoo osisi.Ọ nwere ike na-achịkwa ọnọdụ ihicha n'ụzọ artificial iji kpoo osisi, nke a na-akpọ ihicha ụlọ ma ọ bụ ihicha ọkụ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, na mmepụta osisi ihicha n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ, ụlọ ihicha ụlọ na-emekarị maka 85% -90% nke mmepụta osisi ihicha.Ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ bụ ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ, nke kwesịrị ka a kwadebere ya na ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ.Usoro a dị oke ọnụ.Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere ike ibelata ọdịnaya mmiri, ọ nweghị ike idozi nsogbu ahụ n'ụzọ bụ isi.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, gburugburu ebe a na-echekwa osisi nwere oke iru mmiri, osisi ahụ ga-amịkọrọ mmiri ọzọ, nke ga-eme ka iru mmiri nke osisi ahụ dịkwuo elu ma mee ka ọkpụkpụ.Usoro a nke igbochi ịkpụ osisi dị mma maka nchekwa obere oge nke osisi ma ọ bụ nchekwa oge na obere iru mmiri na okpomọkụ.

2. Sulfur fumigation usoro iji gbochie osisi ebu:

Na mbido, a na-eji fumigation sọlfọ mee ihe iji gbochie mildew, corrosion na ụmụ ahụhụ na osisi, na mmiri dị n'ime osisi chọrọ ka ọ dị elu karịa 5%.Sulfur fumigation bụ na sọlfọ vapor na mmiri vapor nwere ike meghachi omume na-etolite sulfur dioxide, nke a na-gbanye n'ime eriri osisi n'okpuru nkịtị nrụgide maka ihe dị ka nkeji iri abụọ na ise.Mkpokọta sọlfọ ga-etolite sọlfọ dioxide, nke ga-akarị oke ọkọlọtọ.N'otu oge ahụ, sọlfọ nwere ọla dị arọ dị ka lead na mercury, nke ga-ebutekwa nsị ndu ma ọ bụ nsị mercury n'ahụ mmadụ.N'ihi ihe nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi chọrọ, a naghị akwado usoro a nke igbochi ịkpụ osisi.

3. Usoro ịgbasa iji gbochie mildew osisi:

Usoro a dabara adaba maka ọgwụgwọ bamboo na mbadamba osisi.wdg) Ọ bụrụ na etinyere ya na onye na-egbochi fungal, ọ ga-eme ka nrụrụ, yabụ ị nwere ike iji osisi mgbochi fungal gị na-efesa n'elu ya, wee kpọtụrụ onye na-eweta ihe mgbochi fungal ozugbo ịzụta osisi na-egbu egbu ngwa ngwa mgbochi fungal. maka ọgwụgwọ.Maka ụlọ ọrụ bamboo na osisi osisi, enwere ike ịtọ ntọala mgbakọ ahụ, yana onye na-ahụ maka antifungal nwere ike ịtọ ngwa ngwa ịgbasa ngwa ngwa n'ahịrị mgbakọ ahụ.Mgbe igwe ahụ chọpụtara na efere ahụ na-agafe, nozzles ga-efesa ihe na-eme ihe na-egbu egbu na-akpaghị aka iji kpuchie efere ahụ, a pụkwara ịgbakwunye ngwa ihicha na azụ azụ iji kpoo ya.Usoro a nwere ike ibelata oriri ọrụ na ọgwụ.Ọ bụrụ na usoro onunu ogwu ahụ pere mpe ma ọ bụ na ọ naghị adị mfe ịtọlite ​​igbe ịgba mmiri, ị nwere ike iji sprayer na-efesa nke ọma n'elu bọọdụ ahụ ma ọ bụ jiri mop dị ọcha tinye n'ime onye nnọchi anya iji ahịhịa na bọọdụ.

4. Usoro imi iji gbochie ịkpụ osisi:

Iji hụ na mgbochi-mildew na ụmụ ahụhụ na-egosi mmetụta nke achara, osisi, rattan, ahịhịa na ngwaahịa ha mgbe ọgwụgwọ, sook osisi na osisi mgbochi fungal n'ụlọnga ngwaahịa ngwọta, na arọ nke achara, osisi, rattan, na ahihia kwesịrị ịbawanye site na 15%-20% (ihe dịka nkeji 5-10).Okwu: A na-akwadebe mmiri mmiri na-agbapụta dịka nha nke 1:20 (5Kg osisi antifungal agent: 100Kg water).Achara, osisi, rattan, ahịhịa na ngwaahịa ha niile na-emikpu n'ime ọgwụ mmiri a kwadebere (anaghị ekpughe elu mmiri), na mgbe ha nwetasịrị uru dị arọ nke 15% -20%, mụbaa ma ọ bụ belata oge ịrapara na uru dị arọ dị ka. na iru mmiri akọrọ nke osisi bamboo, wee wepụ ihe ndị ahụ ọgwụ mmiri mmiri a mịrị amị, nke ikuku akpọnwụwo ma ọ bụ nke anwụ na-amịkọrọ ma tinye ya na nchekwa.Ngwọta osisi bamboo buru ibu chọrọ iwu nke ọdọ mmiri, nke dị mma iji.

5. Usoro nrụgide agụụ iji gbochie ịkpụ osisi:

Usoro a bụ itinye osisi n'ime akpa ikuku, ma wepụ ikuku dị n'ime oghere cell osisi iji mepụta nrụgide na-adịghị mma.Wunye ihe ngwọta antifungal osisi n'ime akpa n'okpuru ọnọdụ agụụ, na nrụgide dị iche n'ime na n'èzí nke sel ga-eme ka mmiri mmiri banye n'ime osisi.Usoro oghere nwere mmetụta ọgwụgwọ dị mma na akụrụngwa dị mfe.N'ozuzu, enwere ike itinye ya na iji ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ ochie, ebe a na-agbagharị agbagharị, na ebe a na-arụzi ya.Mụbaa ụfọdụ nrụgide n'ime akpa ikuku pụrụ iche, ma gbanye ihe na-eme ihe na-egbu osisi n'ime oghere eriri osisi.Mmetụta nke ọgwụgwọ nrụgide dị mma karịa nke ụzọ ndị ọzọ.Onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ mgbochi osisi na-abanye n'ime nke ọma ma na-ekesa nke ọma.Mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ, nnukwu mmepụta, dị mfe iji nweta njikwa mma, a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka mgbochi ebu na ọgwụgwọ corrosion nke achara na osisi nwere oke njupụta na ntinye kemịkalụ siri ike.Iji hụ na ịdị mma nke osisi a na-emeso n'ọtụtụ nnukwu na nnukwu ọrụ ndozi nke ụlọ ebe ochie na ebe a na-eme njem, a pụkwara itinye obere tankị ọgwụgwọ dị ka ọ dị mkpa.